Present
Simple Preseant
■ Usage: General facts, routines, habits, or things happening now.
■ Structure: Subject + verb's first form (+ s/es for singular subject)
■ Example: I play soccer. She reads books.
Present Continuous
■ Usage: Actions happening right now or current ongoing actions.
■ Structure: Subject + am/is/are + verb's first form + ing
■ Example: She is reading a book. We are playing soccer.
Present Perfect
■ Usage: Actions that happened at an unspecified time before now. The time is not important.
■ Structure: Subject + has/have + verb's third form
■ Example: She has read the book. I have played soccer.
Present Perfect Continuous
■ Usage: Actions that started in the past and continue to the present.
■ Structure: Subject + has/have + been + verb's first form + ing
■ Example: I have been reading the book. They have been playing soccer.
Past
Simple Past
■ Usage: Actions that happened and finished in the past.
■ Structure: Subject + verb's second form
■ Example: I read the book. They played soccer.
Past Continuous
■ Usage: Actions that were ongoing at a specific time in the past.
■ Structure: Subject + was/were + verb's first form + ing
Example: I was reading the book. They were playing soccer.
Past Perfect
■ Usage: Actions that happened before another action in the past.
■ Structure: Subject + had + verb's third form
■ Example: I had read the book. They had played soccer.
Past Perfect Continuous
Usage: Actions that were ongoing in the past and were completed before another past action.
■ Structure: Subject + had + been + verb's first form + ing
■ Example: I had been reading the book. They had been playing soccer.
Future
Simple Future
■ Usage: Actions that will happen in the future.
■ Structure: Subject + will/shall + verb's first form
■ Example: I will read the book. They will play soccer.
Future Continuous
■ Usage: Actions that will be ongoing at a specific time in the future.
■ Structure: Subject + will/shall + be + verb's first form + ing
■ Example: I will be reading the book. They will be playing soccer.
Future Perfect
■ Usage: Actions that will be completed before a certain time in the future.
■ Structure: Subject + will/shall + have + verb's third form
■ Example: I will have read the book. They will have played soccer.
Future Perfect Continuous
■ Usage: Actions that will start in the future and continue up to a point in the future.
■ Structure: Subject + will/shall + have + been + verb's first form + ing
■ Example: I will have been reading the book. They will have been playing soccer.
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