Don't be afraid of solar eclipse, make friendship with science
सूर्यग्रहणात सूर्य आणि पृथ्वी यांच्या दरम्यान चंद्र येतो आणि त्याची सावली पृथ्वीवर पडते. तसेच चंद्रग्रहणात सूर्य आणि चंद्र यांच्या दरम्यान पृथ्वी येते आणि तिची सावली चंद्रावर पडते. ग्रहण घडून येण्यासाठी हे तीनही गोलक (जवळपास) एका रेषेत येणे आवश्यक असते. हे फक्त अमावास्येला वा पौर्णिमेलाच घडू शकते. त्यामुळे दोन सूर्यग्रहणांतला वा दोन चंद्रग्रहणांतला काळ हा किमान एका चांद्रमासाइतका म्हणजे सुमारे २९.५ दिवसांचा असायला हवा. सूर्य आणि चंद्र यांचे, आकाशाच्या पार्श्वभूमीवरचे मार्ग एकमेकांशी सुमारे पाच अंशांनी कललेले आहेत. त्यामुळे सर्वसाधारण अमावास्येला चंद्राची सावली पृथ्वीच्या बाजूने निघून जाते. परिणामी, सूर्यग्रहण घडू शकत नाही. तसेच सर्वसाधारण पौर्णिमेला पृथ्वीची सावली चंद्रग्रहण न लावता चंद्राच्या बाजूने निघून जाते.
Eclipse cycle
In a solar eclipse, the moon comes between the sun and the earth and its shadow falls on the earth. Also in a lunar eclipse the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon and its shadow falls on the Moon. In order for an eclipse to occur, all three spheres must (almost) line up. This can happen only on new moon or full moon. Therefore, the period between two solar eclipses or two lunar eclipses should be at least equal to one lunar month, i.e. about 29.5 days. The paths of the Sun and the Moon, against the background of the sky, are inclined to each other by about five degrees. Therefore, the moon's shadow passes from the earth's side during the normal new moon. As a result, a solar eclipse cannot occur. Also, during a normal full moon, the shadow of the earth passes along the side of the moon without causing a lunar eclipse.
त्यामुळे ग्रहण लागण्यासाठी फक्त अमावास्या वा पौर्णिमा असून चालत नाही. ग्रहणासाठीच्या दुसऱ्या आवश्यकतेनुसार, हे दोन्ही मार्ग एकमेकांना जिथे छेदतात तिथे सूर्य व चंद्र असायला हवेत. या छेदनबिंदूंना राहू आणि केतू म्हटले जाते. चंद्राच्या राहूपासून राहूपर्यंतच्या किंवा केतूपासून केतूपर्यंतच्या प्रवासाला २७.२ दिवस लागतात. ग्रहणाचे स्वरूप व कालावधी हा आणखी तिसऱ्या गोष्टीवरही अवलंबून असतो. ती म्हणजे चंद्र आणि पृथ्वी यांच्यातले अंतर. चंद्राची पृथ्वीभोवतीची कक्षा लंबवर्तुळाकार असल्याने, चंद्राच्या पृथ्वीपासूनच्या अंतरात सतत फरक पडत असतो. त्यामुळे चंद्राच्या पृथ्वीवरील किंवा पृथ्वीच्या चंद्रावरील सावल्यांचे आकारही लहान-मोठे होत असतात. ग्रहणाची शक्यता वर्तवण्यासाठी हे अंतरही लक्षात घ्यावे लागते. चंद्र हा पृथ्वीपासून सर्वात जवळच्या बिंदूवर, म्हणजे उपभूस्थानी, २७.६ दिवसांनी परततो.
Therefore, it does not work if there is only a new moon or a full moon for an eclipse. The second requirement for an eclipse is that the Sun and the Moon must be where these two paths intersect. These intersections are called Rahu and Ketu. Moon's journey from Rahu to Rahu or from Ketu to Ketu takes 27.2 days. The nature and duration of an eclipse also depends on a third factor. It is the distance between the moon and the earth. Since the Moon's orbit around the Earth is elliptical, the Moon's distance from the Earth is constantly changing. Therefore, the size of the shadow of the moon on the earth or on the moon of the earth is also getting smaller and larger. This distance also has to be taken into account to predict the possibility of eclipse. The Moon returns to its closest point from Earth, i.e. perigee, after 27.6 days.
Features of solar eclipse
(1) Solar eclipses occur on new moons, but not on every new moon.
(2) A solar eclipse occurs only when the Sun, Moon and Earth are in a straight line and level respectively.
(3) The maximum duration of Khagras solar eclipse is 7 minutes 20 seconds (440 seconds).
Solar Eclipse
(1) As the Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth, the shadow of the Moon falls on the Earth. In this condition, all these three stars are in a straight line and level, so during the day, the solar eclipse can be experienced from the place where the moon's shadow falls on the earth.
(2) Moon's shadow falls in two ways. It is thick in the middle and sparse in the sides.
(3) The part of the earth where the moon's thick shadow falls. From there, the sun is completely covered. This condition is called 'Khagras Solar Eclipse'. A total solar eclipse can be experienced from a very small area. (4) The Sun is partially obscured from the part of the Earth where the Moon's shadow falls. This position is called a 'continental solar eclipse', (5) sometimes the Moon is in the opposite position from the Earth. At such a time the dense shadow of the moon does not reach the earth.
It ends in space itself. So at such a time only the bright edge of the sun appears like a bangle from a very small part of the earth. This is an annular solar eclipse. An annular solar eclipse is rarely seen.
सूर्यग्रहणा निमित्त प्रश्नमंजुषा सोडवा व आपल्या ज्ञानात भर घाला सर्व इयत्ता व सर्व स्पर्धा परीक्षा करीता उपयुक्त प्रश्नमंजुषा सोडवा
Solving Solar Eclipse Quiz and Enhancing Your Knowledge Useful for All Grades and All Competitive Exams
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सूर्यग्रहण प्रश्नमंजुषा सोडविण्यासाठी खालील लिंकवर क्लिक करा
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